Norvegijos karalystės storiniai bruožai
Norvegija iš keleto mažesnių karalysčių pirmą kartą susivienijo į vieną karalystę 872 m., ir buvo nepriklausoma valstybė iki 1397 m., kadangi 1397 m. Norvegija buvo patraukta į sąjungą su Danija. 1319-1360 m. – unija su Švedija. 1380-1814 m. Norvegija buvo kaip Danijos kolonija. 1814 m. gegužės 17d. Norvegijoje buvo priimta konstitucija.

1814 m. Norvegai nepasidavė, pasipriešino jų tautos perdavimui į švedų rankas, ir sukūrė naują konstituciją. Tuomet Švedija įsiveržė į Norvegiją, bet netrukus sutiko jai leisti turėti savo naująją konstituciją, tačiau su sąlyga, kad po Švedijos karaliaus pasitraukimo norvegai priims uniją su Švedija.

Sukilęs nacionalizmas 19 amžiuje vedė į 1905 m. Referendumą, kur Norvegijai buvo suteikta ir pripažinta nepriklausomybė. Norvegija taip pat liko neutrali Pirmo Pasaulinio Karo metu, ji kentėjo dėl savo laivininkystės niokojimo. Norvegija paskelbė savo neutralią poziciją antro pasaulinio karo pradžioje, bet nepaisant to, ji buvo okupuota penkeriems metams Nacistinės Vokietijos (1940 – 1945m.).

1949 m. įsigaliojo neutralitetas ir Norvegija tapo NATO nare. Dėl dujų ir aliejaus ieškojimų kaimyniniuose vandenyse 1960m. pb. gerėjo Norvegijos ekonominė padėtis. Fokusuojanti srovė yra talpina, turi išlaidas plačios gerovės sistemos ir planuojama tam laikotarpiui, kai naftos rezervas bus išeikvotas.

Norvegija nėra ES narė, tačiau ji yra Europos Laisvosios Prekybos Asociacijos (ELPA) narė bei Europos Ekonominės Erdvės (EEE) sutarties dalyvė.
Parengė M.Matijošaitis, V. A. Graičiūno AVM Turizmo studentas

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